python - Pygame을 사용하여 버튼을 어떻게 동적으로 생성합니까?

당신은 기본적으로 Button 그 클래스. 이렇게하면 버튼 개체를 만들고 목록에 넣고 쉽게 조작 할 수 있습니다. 다음은 버튼이 거의 짝수없는 예입니다. Button 요점을 이해하기 위해 수업. 4 개의 버튼이있는 목록을 만들었지 만 쉽게 할 수 있습니다. .append 프로그램의 필요에 따라 동적으로 생성 할 수 있습니다.

import pygame
from sys import exit as _exit 
##just pygame stuff here. You can ignore them and go
##to the interesting things below
class PG_Widnow_UI:
    def __init__(self, width, height):
        pygame.init()
        self.widht = width
        self.height = height
        self.window = pygame.display.set_mode((width, height))
    def update(self):
        pygame.display.flip()
    def clear(self, r, g, b):
        self.window.fill((r, g, b))
    def close(self):
        pygame.quit()
        _exit()
        #handles events 
def handleEvents(events):
    exitGame = False
    for event in events:
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            pg_window.close()
#Takes rectangle's size, position and a point. Returns true if that
#point is inside the rectangle and false if it isnt.
def pointInRectanlge(px, py, rw, rh, rx, ry):
    if px > rx and px < rx  + rw:
        if py > ry and py < ry + rh:
            return True
    return False

##=====================================================================##
#This class will act as a bllueprint for all the buttons in the game
class Button:
    def __init__(self, text:str, position:tuple
                 , size:tuple=(200, 50), outline:bool=True)->None:
        self.position = position
        self.size = size
        self.button = pygame.Surface(size).convert()
        self.button.fill((0, 0, 0))
        self.outline = outline
        #Text is about 70% the height of the button
        font = pygame.font.Font(pygame.font.get_default_font(), int((70/100)*self.size[1]))
        #First argument always requires a str, so f-string is used.
        self.textSurf = font.render(f"{text}", True, (255, 255, 255))
    def clicked(self, events)->None:
        mousePos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
        if pointInRectanlge(mousePos[0], mousePos[1], self.size[0], self.size[1], self.position[0], self.position[1]):
            for event in events:
                if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
                    return True
        return False
    #Renders the button and text. Text position is calculated depending on position of button.
    #Also draws outline if self.outline is true
    def render(self, display:pygame.display)->None:
        #calculation to centre the text in button
        textx = self.position[0] + (self.button.get_rect().width/2) - (self.textSurf.get_rect().width/2)
        texty = self.position[1] + (self.button.get_rect().height/2) - (self.textSurf.get_rect().height/2)
        #display button first then text
        display.blit(self.button, (self.position[0], self.position[1]))
        display.blit(self.textSurf, (textx, texty))
        
        #draw outline
        if self.outline:
            thickness = 5
            posx = self.position[0] - thickness
            posy = self.position[1] - thickness
            sizex = self.size[0] + thickness * 2
            sizey = self.size[1] + thickness * 2
            pygame.draw.rect(display, (255, 0, 0), (posx, posy, sizex, sizey), thickness)

windowWidth = 1000
windowHeight = 500
pg_window = PG_Widnow_UI(windowWidth, windowHeight)
##LOOP TO ADD BUTTONS TO THE LIST 

number_of_buttons = 4
buttons = [Button(f"Button {i}", ((220 * (i%4) + 10), ((i % 4) * 70) + 10)) 
for i in range(number_of_buttons)]
while True:
    pg_window.clear(255, 255, 255)
    events = pygame.event.get()
    handleEvents(events)
    ##DRAWING THE BUTTONS 
    for button in buttons:
        button.render(pg_window.window)
        if button.clicked(events):
            print(f"button at position: {button.position} was  clicked") 
    
    pg_window.update()